Wishbone suspension refers to an independent suspension with wheels swinging in the transverse plane of the car. According to the number of crossarms, it is divided into double-wishbone and single-wishbone suspensions.
The single-wishbone type has the advantages of simple structure, high roll center, and strong anti-roll capability. However, with the increase of the speed of modern cars, the excessively high roll center will cause the wheel track to change greatly when the wheels bounce, the tire wear will increase, and the vertical force transfer of the left and right wheels during sharp turns will be too large, which will cause the rear wheel camber to increase and decrease. The cornering stiffness of the rear wheel is improved, resulting in a serious working condition of high-speed tail flick. Single wishbone independent suspensions are mostly used in rear suspensions, but they are not used much because they cannot meet the requirements of high-speed driving.
The double-wishbone independent suspension is divided into two types of suspensions: equal-length double-wishbone type and unequal-length double-wishbone type according to whether the upper and lower cross arms are of equal length. The equal-length double wishbone suspension can keep the kingpin inclination constant when the wheels jump up and down, but the wheel track changes greatly (similar to the single wishbone type), which causes serious tire wear and is rarely used. For the unequal-length double wishbone suspension, as long as the length of the upper and lower wishbone is appropriately selected and optimized, and through a reasonable arrangement, the changes in the wheelbase and the front wheel positioning parameters can be within the acceptable limits, ensuring the car It has good driving stability. The unequal-length double wishbone suspension has been widely used in the front and rear suspension of cars, and the rear wheels of some sports cars and racing cars also use this suspension structure.