The shock absorber is a device that changes the interference force of the vibration source or the transmission characteristics of the system to reduce the vibration. Accelerate the attenuation of the frame and body vibration to improve the smoothness and comfort of the car. A shock absorber is installed in the suspension system of most cars. From the perspective of the material that produces damping, shock absorbers are mainly divided into two types: hydraulic and pneumatic. There is also a variable damping shock absorber. The following focuses on hydraulic shock absorbers and pneumatic shock absorbers.
Hydraulic shock absorber is a hydraulic shock absorber widely adopted in automobile suspension system. The reason is that when the frame and axle move relative to each other and the piston moves around in the shock absorber cylinder, the oil in the shock absorber housing repeatedly passes through some cramped pores from the inner cavity. Flow into another cavity. At this time, the friction between the liquid and the inner wall and the internal friction of the liquid molecules constitute an anti-vibration force.
Inflatable shock absorber is a new type of shock absorber that has grown up since the 1960s. The layout feature is that a floating piston is installed in the lower part of the cylinder, and a closed air chamber formed by the floating piston and one end of the cylinder is filled with high-pressure nitrogen. A large-section O-ring seal is installed on the floating piston, which completely separates the oil. The working piston is equipped with a compression valve and a spreading valve that change the cross-sectional area of the channel according to the size of its movement rate. When the wheel bounces up and down, the working piston of the shock absorber moves around in the oil, causing an oil pressure difference between the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the working piston, and the pressure oil pushes the compression valve and spread valve to move back and forth. . Because the valve has a greater resistance to the pressure oil, the vibration is attenuated.
The purpose or effect is similar. But there are differences in the work process. The hydraulic shock absorber is when the frame and the axle reciprocate and the piston reciprocates in the cylinder of the shock absorber, the oil in the shock absorber shell repeatedly flows from the inner cavity through some narrow pores Another cavity. At this time, the friction between the liquid and the inner wall and the internal friction of the liquid molecules form a damping force against vibration. The pneumatic shock absorber is equipped with a floating piston in the lower part of the cylinder, and a closed air chamber formed between the floating piston and one end of the cylinder is filled with high-pressure nitrogen. A large-section O-ring seal is installed on the floating piston, which completely separates oil and gas. The working piston is equipped with a compression valve and an expansion valve that change the cross-sectional area of the channel according to its moving speed.