In order to quickly attenuate the vibration of the frame and the body, and improve the ride comfort and comfort of the car, the car suspension system is generally equipped with shock absorbers, and the two-way acting cylinder shock absorber is widely used in automobiles.
Shock absorbers are vulnerable parts in the process of car use. The working quality of shock absorbers will directly affect the smoothness of the car and the life of other parts. Therefore, we should keep the shock absorber in good working condition. The following methods can be used to check whether the shock absorber works well.
1. Make the car stop after driving 10km on the road with poor road conditions and touch the shock absorber shell with your hands. If it is not hot enough, it means that there is no resistance inside the shock absorber and the shock absorber does not work. At this time, you can add appropriate lubricating oil and perform the test again. If the shell heats up, it means that the shock absorber is short of oil. Otherwise, the shock absorber has failed.
2. Press the bumper firmly, and then release it. If the car jumps 2 or 3 times, it means that the shock absorber is working well.
3. When the car is driving slowly and braking urgently, if the car vibrates violently, it means there is a problem with the shock absorber.
4. Remove the shock absorber and stand it upright, and clamp the lower end connecting ring to the vise, and then forcefully pull the damping rod several times. At this time, there should be a stable resistance, and the resistance of pulling upwards should be greater than when pressing downwards. If the resistance is unstable or no resistance, it may be due to lack of oil inside the shock absorber or damage to the valve parts. Repair or replacement parts should be carried out.
After determining that the shock absorber is faulty or invalid, first check whether the shock absorber is leaking or has traces of old oil leakage.
If there is no oil leakage from the shock absorber, check the bushing for damage, desoldering, cracking or falling off. If the above inspection is normal, the shock absorber should be further disassembled to check whether the matching gap between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the cylinder is strained, whether the valve is well sealed, whether the valve clack and the valve seat are tightly attached, and whether Whether the extension spring of the shock absorber is too soft or broken, it should be repaired by grinding or replacing parts according to the inspection of the shock absorber connecting pin, connecting rod, connecting hole, rubber, and conditions.
In addition, the shock absorber may have noise failure in actual use, which is mainly due to the shock absorber colliding with the leaf spring, the frame or the axle, the rubber pad is damaged or falling off, and the shock absorber dust tube is deformed, and the oil Insufficiency and other reasons should be found out and repaired.
After the shock absorber is inspected and repaired, the performance test should be carried out on a special test bench. When the resistance frequency is 100±1mm, the resistance of the extension stroke and compression stroke should meet the requirements, indicating that the shock absorber is basically normal.