The existence of the suspension system has two meanings: isolate the unevenness of the road to make driving more comfortable; keep the tires in contact with the road when traveling on uneven roads. The improved suspension has only one purpose for the Speeding Party to improve handling.
The coil spring is the most commonly used spring of the suspension system because it is easy to manufacture, high in performance and efficiency, and low in price. The physical definition of a spring is to store energy. When we apply a fixed force to the spring, it will deform. When we remove the applied force, the spring will have a tendency to return to its original state, but the amplitude of the spring's oscillation when it rebounds. It tends to exceed its original length, and it will not slow down the free oscillation caused by the spring rebound until there is frictional resistance. This slowing down the free oscillation of the spring is usually the task of the shock absorber. The general spring is the so-called (linear spring), that is, when the spring is stressed, its compression deformation follows the physics (Hooke's law): F=KX, where F is the applied force, K is the elastic force coefficient, and X It is the amount of deformation. For example, when a linear spring is loaded with a weight of 40Kg, it will cause a compression of 1cm, and then every increase of 40Kg of the spring will definitely increase the compression of 1cm. In fact, there are other pressures on the suspended springs. Even when the springs are fully extended, the springs are still under pressure to allow the springs to be fixed on the car. In the traditional spring and shock-absorbing cylinder suspension design, the spring acts to support the body and absorb the impact caused by uneven roads and other forces on the tires. The so-called other forces here include acceleration, deceleration, braking, turning, etc. The force caused by the spring. What's more important is to keep the tires in constant contact with the road during the vibration elimination process to maintain the tracking of the car. Improving the contact between the tire and the road is our primary consideration for improving handling. The main function of the spring is to maintain the comfort of the car and keep the tires in full contact with the ground. Using the wrong spring will have a negative impact on the driving quality and handling. Imagine if the spring is completely rigid, the suspension system will not work. When the car jumps up on uneven roads, the tires will completely leave the ground. If this happens when accelerating, braking or turning, the car will lose track. If the spring is very soft, it is easy to sit on the bottom, that is, the suspension travel is used up. If sitting on the bottom occurs when cornering, it can be regarded as the spring's coefficient of force becomes infinite (there is no compressed space), and the body will have an immediate weight transfer, resulting in loss of tracking. If this car has a long suspension stroke, it may be possible to avoid the sitting situation, but the relative body will also become very high, and a very high body means a very high center of gravity of the body. It has a decisive impact on handling performance, so too soft shock absorbers will cause handling obstacles. If the road is absolutely flat, then we don't need springs and suspension systems. If the road is rough, softer springs are needed to ensure that the tires are in contact with the road, and the travel of the springs must be increased. The choice of spring hardness is determined by the ruggedness of the road. The more rugged the spring, the softer the spring, but how soft it is is a key issue. Usually this requires the accumulation of experience and is also an important issue for various car manufacturers and teams. Generally speaking, a soft spring can provide better comfort and maintain better tracking performance when traveling on a rougher road. However, when traveling on general roads, it will cause the suspension system to swing up and down, which affects the handling. In a car equipped with good aerodynamic components, the soft spring will cause the height of the car to change when the speed is increased, resulting in different handling characteristics at low and high speeds.